Vehicle homologation is the process of proving a vehicle, system or component meets the technical regulations of the market it will be sold in, so an approval authority can grant type approval. In the EU that runs under Regulation (EU) 2018/858, with the General Safety Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 and dozens of UN regulations under the 1958 Agreement, from lighting and braking to cybersecurity (UN R155) and software updates (UN R156). The US instead relies on manufacturer self-certification to the FMVSS.
The work is documentary. An information document describing the vehicle, test reports from a technical service for each applicable regulation, and conformity-of-production arrangements showing that production matches what was approved. When a part, a supplier or a software release changes, someone has to work out which approvals are affected.
That impact question is where AI helps most: reading the change against the information document and the regulations, and listing every approval it could touch, with the clause cited. The homologation engineer and the approval authority still decide.